Types and functions of cell phone chargers

Cell phone chargers can be broadly divided into travel chargers, stand chargers, USB chargers, and maintenance chargers. The latest one is the cell phone case charger. The overall appearance of the cell phone case charger is no different from the ordinary cell phone case, which is slightly thicker. With a battery capacity of 2300 mAh, it can provide a complete charge and is generally made of lithium cells or dry cells as a storage unit.

Other chargers

The first two are mostly in front of the general audience. The travel charger is the item that is most popular on the market. There are numerous variations on travel chargers. There are frequently low-cost duck-egg-style micro travel chargers as well as standard desktop cardboard-style chargers with high-end desktop charger LCDs. Because non-professional users make up the great majority of cell phone users, the charger incorporates a full auto-stop feature. Also, the majority of portable chargers are rapid chargers, with a charging period of 1-3 hours. Numerous chargers on the market, including some extremely affordable duck-egg-style mini portable chargers, state that they use microprocessor control. A very small portion of the charger can only be truly controlled by a microcomputer based only on the analysis of the charging circuit (microcontroller control).

Several manufacturers claim to have "microcomputer control" by using integrated blocks in the charging circuit, while in reality, many low-cost designs use inexpensive op-amp integrated blocks. Moreover, some expensive special charging control integration blocks are utilized in higher-end or name-brand chargers. Consequently, especially with low-quality products, we cannot trust the so-called microcomputer control. Although many goods look alike on the outside, they work significantly different and have very distinct internal wiring.

Function

1. By distinguishing between lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, a good seat charger can decide the charging mode. An integrated circuit on the lithium battery protection circuit board is used to store data on the lithium battery's characteristics. It enables the phone to identify the lithium battery to decide the discharge mode, as well as the charger to identify the lithium battery to determine the "constant current" and "constant voltage" charging modes.

2. The "constant current" charging mode for NiMH batteries. The NiMH battery doesn't mind being overcharged. When a NiMH battery is overcharged, a reverse reaction occurs to keep the voltage from rising too much. This reaction causes the battery to get slightly warm. Moreover, a thermistor is typically included with NiMH batteries to guard against overcharging. Three NiMH battery cells are needed because the majority of cell phones operate at a voltage of around 3.6V. The maximum voltage of the three batteries is roughly 4.4V, while the typical NiMH battery cells overcharge to about 1.4 to 1.5V before being stopped.

3. Lithium batteries are more difficult to charge and discharge than NiCd and NiMH batteries because of the risk of overcharging them. To avoid overcharging, lithium batteries are typically fastened to a control circuit board inside. Due to the features of the lithium battery design, the initial charge is to a "fixed current" charging mode. After waiting until the quick charge is complete, a "fixed voltage" charging mode (between 4.1 and 4.2V) is used to put the battery in the best possible condition. All cell phone batteries are labeled as NiMH batteries by some cheap seat chargers on the market. Lithium battery overcharging is frequently caused by the "continuous current" charging technique. At this point, a high-quality protection circuit board will shield the lithium battery from further charging. Poorly built circuit boards not only cannot safeguard the battery from overcharging but also may cause the battery core to bend, leak, explode, and other problems if the battery is overcharged.

4. The majority of the seats use quick charging, typically taking 3 to 4 hours to fill. When the seat charge shows that the charge is complete, even if the battery is not removed from the seat charge, there is only a very weak power in the battery.

5. Nickel-metal hydride battery memory effect is not much, do not need to discharge often, lithium batteries are not discharged. The attached discharge device quality differs between chargers offered on the market. Poor quality will have the over-discharge phenomenon, which will readily cause corrosion of the negative plate inside the battery (the electrolyte inside the NiMH battery is an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide), reducing the battery's life and overall capacity. In this situation, the battery will degrade faster if it is discharged and then charged regularly. Under typical conditions, as long as a battery's power is to the automatic shutdown and then recharge, is the best method to discharge the battery treatment.

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